Can the new-type agricultural management entity shoulder the heavy responsibility of increasing and stabilizing grain production

In recent years, with the acceleration of land transfer speed. Various new agricultural management entities have sprung up, but it remains to be seen whether they can shoulder the responsibility of increasing and stabilizing grain production.

There are not many co-operatives and large households growing grain

"I have contracted more than 800 mu of land to grow grain. This year, I have harvested 700000 Jin of wheat and produced more than 900 Jin per mu, which is even worse than the people around me." Guo Niantong of Binzhou City said that there are only two or three large grain growers like him in the surrounding villages. Most of the farmers in the villages are planting grain. "It is not realistic to rely on large farmers to ensure stable grain production. The number of large grain growers is still too small.".

According to the data of the Ministry of agriculture, in 2013, the area of arable land transferred across the country reached 340 million mu, accounting for 26%. According to the statistical data of Shandong Provincial Department of agriculture, the proportion of land transfer in the central and eastern regions of the province is high, the proportion of land transfer in the western region is low, the number of new agricultural operators engaged in large-scale planting is small, and most Grain Growers gather here, making it difficult to carry the banner.

"Non grain" is more common after land transfer

There are few large grain growers, but after the land transfer, some large households or cooperatives changed grain planting to planting vegetables or planting forest fruits. "First of all, it is hard to make money by planting grain, which is greatly affected by the weather; the income from planting cash crops or developing tourism agriculture is higher." Guo Niantong said that after excluding the cost, the income of grain in the field this year can only be considered as average. However, he plans to maintain the current grain planting scale next year. "At least I still grow grain. Many large households do not grow grain at the beginning, or after planting for a year, they all switch to cash crops.".

There are many people who do not transfer land to grow grain. Sun Qiang (not his real name) of Jinan City has transferred more than 1500 mu of land to build an ecological agricultural sightseeing park, mainly planting some greenhouse vegetables, flowers and seedlings, and preparing to build some tourism facilities. "I don't grow grain. I mainly engage in picking, sightseeing and catering. It's hard to earn the contract fee of 1100 yuan / mu for growing grain." Sun Qiang said.

"A lot of land transfer is the result of the intervention of industrial and commercial capital. They often circle the land first and wait for opportunities. Many people are playing the 'marginal ball' of the policy." Yang Xuecheng, a professor at Shandong Agricultural University, said: Although tourism agriculture can increase economic benefits, more tourism will threaten food security. The "non grain" and "non-agricultural" of land circulation have weakened the contribution of new agricultural operators to stable grain production and increase production to a certain extent.

There are many difficulties in the self-development of new-type agricultural business entities

In addition to the subjective will, the new agricultural management main body still has the fund problem. "The main reason is that there is a lack of money, the recovery of funds is too slow, and it is difficult to lend agricultural loans." The cooperative led by Gao Yong in Linyi City has transferred more than 2000 mu of land to plant wheat and rice. This year, he plans to buy a dryer, but the cost of more than 1 million yuan makes him difficult. "I can't lend money in the name of the cooperative. In the end, I can only use my own agricultural machinery company to lend 500000 yuan first.".

Grain drying and storage are also a headache for grain growing cooperatives and large farmers. "There are too many grains to be dried at all. It is not safe to dry them on the road and there is also pollution. It is difficult to pass the examination and approval for the basic farmland occupied by the drying field. The drying machine is often hundreds of thousands of millions of yuan, which the general cooperative can not afford." Chen lihou of Licheng District, Jinan City, said that this year, more than 680 mu of his wheat was cut only after it was dry. He sold it on the ground because he had no place to dry or store it.

In addition, the new-type agricultural business entities often encounter difficulties in internal management, employment and stable lease relations. For example, cooperatives often encounter the phenomenon of "cooperation but not cooperation" in management, and many members often make their own calculations; Some villagers suddenly want to take back the leased land for various reasons, which often makes the large grain growers unprepared. Various problems restrict the development of new agricultural management subjects and indirectly restrict the improvement of land output rate.